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It is common practice to characterize the mechanical properties of a material by its stress-strain diagram, which can be determined either in tension or compression experiments.
A typical example of such a stress-strain diagram is shown in Figure 11.1, where elongation of the specimen during increasing load is plotted on the abscissa, while the stress is plotted on the ordinate.
Figure 11.1 Typical stress-strain diagram obtained in a tension experiment.
For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that a differentiation can be made between an engineering stress-strain diagram, where the original cross-sectional area of the specimen is used to determine the stress for every value of applied force, and the true stress-strain diagram, where the applied force is divided by the actual value of the cross-section of the specimen.
The stress-strain diagram depicted in Figure 11.1 is the most common, although not the only possible, form.
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